歐盟登錄遠洋漁船評鑑標準與非法、無報告和不受規範管理

黃乃芸

FSI暐凱國際檢驗科技股份有限公司技術

摘要

根據我國駐歐盟兼駐比利時代表處經濟組表示，水產品居我國輸歐盟前六大食品產品類別之首位。歐盟執委會健康暨消費者保護總署食品與獸醫管理處(FVO)於2006年來台查核我國水產品管理之等效性，查核結果認為我國輸歐盟水產品之供應鏈管理與歐盟法規尚有落差，整體管理架構與歐盟法規不等效。針對歐盟之建議，漁業署和標準檢驗局等相關政府單位組成跨部會專案小組，依據歐盟法規制定包括「輸歐盟漁產品管理作業要點」以及「歐盟登錄遠洋漁船衛生管理作業要點」等規定作為輸歐盟水產品衛生管理之法源依據。「歐盟登錄遠洋漁船評鑑標準」為我國登錄歐盟遠洋漁船衛生評鑑之準則，評鑑項目包括漁船建造與結構、設備與設施、作業衛生要求、病媒防治、化學物質管制、船員健康和衛生之要求以及漁獲物衛生管理與魚貨轉載之管理。輸銷歐盟之漁獲物，除應符合歐盟第852/2004號以及第853/2004號法規之衛生管理規定和輸銷作業程序之要求，亦不得有非法、無報告和不受規範(即IUU)之情事。歐盟對於食品衛生管理把關嚴格，取得歐盟核准輸入等於取得輸銷國際市場之許可證，因此我國應積極取得遠洋漁船之歐盟登錄資格，以使我國漁業能進入國際市場並與國際接軌。

關鍵字

輸歐盟水產品、歐盟登錄遠洋漁船評鑑標準、衛生管理、IUU、卸魚聲明書

EU Hygiene Inspection Criteria and Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Requirement for Deep Sea Vessels Listed in the Europe

Nai-Yun Huang

FSI Taiwan-Asia Pacific Office

Abstract

According to Trade and Investment Service of Taipei Representative Office in the EU and Belgium, in terms of total exportation from Taiwan, fishery product is in the lead of six food groups. Food and Veterinary Office (FVO) carried an audit in Taiwan in 2006 to evaluate the control system in place governing the production of fishery products intended for export to the European Union. The audit findings are that the hygiene management system of fish supply chain in Taiwan is not compliant with the EU regulations. In response to FVO's recommendations, competent authorities in Taiwan such as Fisheries Agency, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (FA) and Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection (abbreviated to BSMI) have formed a multi-governmental team (MGT). The main responsibility of MGT was to enact Directions that were legislated based on EU regulations, for example, "Directions Governing Management of Fishery Products Exported to the European Union" and "Direction on Sanitation Management of Deep Sea Fishing Vessels for Qualification by EU Related Regulations". "Inspection Criteria for EU-Coded Deep Sea Fishing Vessels" is the basic inspection standard of distant water fishing vessels, including construction, equipment and facility, prevention of biological hazard, chemical control, personnel hygiene, transportation management, and so forth. Fishery products intended for export to the EU have to not only meet the relevant hygiene management and exporting process requirements of Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 and Regulation (EC) No 853/2004, but also prohibit to harvest from illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. Since European Union sets a very high level of food safety, food that allowed exporting to EU usually to be seem as qualified for exporting to other countries. Therefore, competent authorities and fishery operators in Taiwan should dedicate themselves getting the qualification to enhance the competitiveness of our fishery products.

Keywords

Fishery products intended for export to EU, Inspection Criteria for EU-Coded Deep Sea Fishing Vessels, Hygienic Management, IUU, Landing Declaration